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​Annual growth rings: these are the concentric rings which usually represent the wood from one

growing stason to another cne. It also represent the age of the plant.

Cambium: It is the thin delicate membrane lies between the sapwood and the bark.

Hardwood: the occurrence of pores and vessels a constant feature of all broadleaved trees belong to

the botanical group of dicotyledons and producing timber usually known as hardwood.

Softwood: All non porous wood (i.e. when vessels are entirely absent) is a constant feature of all

conifers belonging to the botanical groups of germnosperm bearing cones and generally needles

shepe or scales like leaves usually evergreen and producing timber known as softwood.

Softwood is a generic term used in woodworking and the lumber industries for wood

from conifers. The term softwood designates wood from gymnosperm trees (plants

having seeds with no covering). Examples of the softwood-producing trees are pine,

spruce, cedar, fir, larch, douglas-fir, hemlock, cypress, redwood, and yew.

The term hardwood designates wood from broad-leaved (mostly deciduous)

or angiosperm trees (plants that produce seeds with some sort of covering). Hardwoods

are employed in a large range of applications, for example (but not limited to),

construction, furniture, flooring, and utensils. A recently classified hardwood is

Palmwood, which comes from the monocotyledon group of plants, promoted as an

alternative to the shrinking stocks of "conventional" hardwoods.